CO2 Technician Course Competencies

GCAP’s CO2 Technician
Refrigeration Competencies

Prerequisite: Ammonia Operator I course and/or 2 years experienced industrial refrigeration background.

All of this material is covered or introduced to the
student at our seminar with running CO2/Cascade equipment in the lab.

Students will sit for a final certification exam

CO2 Safety

MSDS
CO2 Latent Heat of fusion Video
Sub-Critical
Trans-Critical
Hydrostatic Expansion
Pressure
Sublimation
Pressure Drop
Relief Valves
Relief Valve Headers
Charging CO2 Systems
CO2 Detection
Ventilation

Understanding Industrial Refrigeration from the Inside Out

June 2, 2014 GCAP revealed their new Ammonia Operator I Book titled “Understanding Industrial Refrigeration from the Inside Out“. Authors Randy Williams, and Jeremy Williams

This is a 14 Chapter text of what an operator/technician needs to knows learning how to the see the refrigeration from the inside out. The book has been copyrighted, and filed with the Library of Congress for a specific ISBN number. If you have taken GCAP PSM/RMP course and seen the quality of that book, this will be of equal. For a full detailed outline of the book Click Here.

Chapter 1: Getting Started
Chapter 2: Process Safety Management
Chapter 3: What You Need To Know About Ammonia
Chapter 4: Basic Electricity
Chapter 5: Foundation
Chapter 6: Heat Transfer
Chapter 7: Seeing Refrigeration From The Inside Out
Chapter 8: Four Steps Of Refrigeration
Chapter 9: Liquid Feeds
Chapter 10: Compressor Applications
Chapter 11: Condensers
Chapter 12: Different Systems
Chapter 13: Practice Exam
Chapter 14: Common Acronyms and Definitions

Module 1 Thermodynamic Topics

The role of the throttling valve on transcritical cycle
Methods for improving the energy efficiency of carbon dioxide transcritical Cycles

Module 2 Industrial Systems

General system design – limits and possibilities
- Pressure
- System types
- Compressor size and efficiency
- Pressure loss and size of piping
- Evaporators
- Defrosting
- Cascade coolers
- Determination of the cascade temperature
- Standstill cooling
- Power drop-out and emergency stop
- Pumps
- Alternative to centrifugal pumps
- The thermal pump system
- Energy Consumption of thermal pumping systems
- Pollution with R717
- Pollution with water
- Increased suction pressure during pull down or batch processes
Industrial CO2 Refrigeration system
- CO2/R717 cascade system
- High Temperature stage: the R717 system
- Low Temperature stage: the CO2 system
- CO2 Compressor
- Control
- Cascade cooler
- Expansion valve, high pressure control and high pressure receiver
- Pump Separator
- Suction Line
- Hot gas defrost mode, gas generator and hot gas bypass
- Valves
- Leaks
- Moisture
- Operation at off-design conditions
- Liquid drain at hot gas defrost
Ice-cream freezer
Plate Freezer
Transcritical plant design: Applied from supermarket refrigeration
- Type of system
- High pressure compressor
- Gas cooler
- High temperature heat exchanger
- High temperature expansion valve
- Separator/Receiver
- Gas bypass valve
- Evaporators and expansion valves
- Low temperature heat exchangers
- Low pressure compressor
- Oil return system
- Silencing
Large Transcritical Systems

Module 3: Commercial Refrigeration

Introduction
CO2 system solutions in supermarket refrigeration
Computer modeling simulations
Laboratory experimental evaluations
Field Measurements
Safety issues related to CO2 in supermarket refrigeration

Module 4: CO2/R744 Mobile Air-Conditioning

Module 5: CO2 Heat Pumps

Introduction
Thermodynamic Efficiency
Energy Efficiency for the CO2 Heat Pump
Heat Pump Water Heaters
Integrated Systems
Space Heating and Cooling
Heat Pump Dryers

Module 6: Safety and Leakages Control

The importance of Guidelines
Application of protection devices
Leakage control detector

Module 7: Drivers for Implementation of CO2 Technology

Module 8: Components

Compressors
- Compressor Available on the market
- Reciprocating compressors
- Rotary compressors
- Automotive compressors
- Lubricants for CO2 Compressors
Heat Exchangers
- Finned tube heat exchangers
- Basic heat transfer characteristic air side
- Fundamentals on combined heat and mass transfer in wet surface air coolers
- Finned tube heat exchangers using round tubes
- Enhancement techniques
- Finned tube heat exchanger using flat tubes with internal Minichannels
- Plate Heat exchangers
- Tube-in-tube heat exchangers
- Special heat exchangers
- Shell and plate heat exchangers
- Heat exchangers for tap water
Prediction of pressure drop and heat transfer of carbon dioxide inside channels
- Carbon dioxide thermo physical properties
- In tube heat exchanger
- Carbon dioxide pressure drop during flow
Heat Exchanger design